To limit the number of components in the protection switching process and to accordingly reduce the protection cost, a new reliable Wave Division Multiplexing/Time Division Multiplexing Passive Optical Network (WDM/TDM-PON) architecture with cost-efficient hybrid protection was proposed. Firstly, the logic decision unit, protection path control unit and backup transceiver unit were designed in Optical Line Terminal (OLT) to only switch failure components to their backups in Wave Division Multiplexing (WDM) segment. Secondly, by employing the cross bus structure in Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) segment, fast protection switching was achieved in a distributed manner. According to the analytic results of the hybrid protection, the proposed architecture can provide fast and full protection in recovery time of 1.5 to 2.4 ms against Feed Fiber (FF), Distribution Fiber (DF) and Last Mile Fiber (LMF) failures. Certainly, the proposed architecture can also significantly reduce the protection overhead, and achieve great scalability.

In order to forward messages more efficiently in the social oriented Delay Tolerant Network (DTN), this paper proposed a way to be aware of nodes' centralities. This paper came up with a routing mechanism for the awareness of nodes' centralities through a comprehensive analysis of the level of activity and the capacity of handling messages which aimed at quantifying the nodes' centralities. The result shows that compared with the traditional Epidemic routing and Contact Counts (CC) routing which principle is still based on nodes' centrality, the routing mechanism this paper discussed can significantly improve the rate of the message delivery and the rate of the overhead.

In an actual operation, errhysis in the wound happens frequently during surgery cutting. Most previous studies, focus on skin or organ surface more than dynamic blood oozing in the inner wound. Therefore, upon the requirements of authenticity and real-timing, an oozing simulation model combined with force feedback was proposed. The model used Lagrangian approaches in fluid simulation system, and especially simplified the traditional Lagrangian approaches in this specific liver cutting process. The experimental results show that it can meet the demand of authenticity and real-time in dynamic ooze blood simulation.

The traditional fault monitoring methods have some problems such as great deviation and slow speed. To solve these problems, a link fault monitoring algorithm based on the wavelet transform was presented. This algorithm used the dynamic polling scheme to detect the optical power and used the local characteristic in time-frequency domain of the wavelet transform to extract the fault information from the detection value. The monitoring optical power value was decomposed with multi-scale to eliminate the effects of noise, thereby improving the accuracy of the fault monitoring. The experimental results show that compared to the analytucal methods in time domain, the proposed fault monitoring algorithm based on wavelet transform is better to overcome the effects of noise. The leakage alarm rate is reduced to zero and the false alarm rate is decreased by five percentage. The monitoring time is between 2.53ms and 3.12ms, which can meet the real-time requirement.